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Objective The study of capsaicin (CAP) on the effect and mechanism of indomethacin induced acute gastric mucosal injury in different period.Methods 80 SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups with 10 rats in each group.The experiment was completed in two phases,and the Ⅰ period was 2 weeks,the Ⅱ period was 4 weeks.The Ⅰ period including group A1 (control group),group B1 (model group),group C1 (CAP group),group D1 (CAP + indomethacin group).The grouping method of the two periods were the same.The rats' gastric mucosa were damaged by indomethacin,and then killed the rats 4 hours later.Last,astric juice was collected to determine the total acidity of gastric acid,counted thegastric mucosal injury index,observed the gastric mucosa pathological injury,detected the expression of TRPV 1、CGRP、MDA、SOD and PGI2.Results The Ⅰ period:the gastric mucosa of group A1 and C1 had no damage.Group D1 compared with group B1,there was no significant difference in gastric mucosa injury (P ＞ 0.05),total acidity decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),MDA was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05),SOD、PGI2 increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),the expression of TRPV1、CGRP increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).The Ⅱperiod:the gastric mucosa of group A2 and C2 had no damage.Group D2 compared with group B2,the gastric mucosa injury were significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.05),total acidity decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),MDA decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),SOD、PGI2 increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),the expression of TRPV1、CGRP increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There was no damage to the general morphology and histology of gastricmucosa in rats by intragastric CAP 1 mg/(kg· d) for 2 weeks and 4 weeks.2.It could prevent that indomethacininduced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats by pretreated with CAP 1 mg(kg· d) for 4weeks.
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Objective To analyze the risk factors of subclavian venous catheter-related infections in patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) and provide a basis for prevention and control of the infection. Methods A retrospective study was conducted. 357 patients with THS and indwelling of subclavian vein catheter admitted in the Department of Emergency of Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Provincial Luzhou Medical College were enrolled, and according to the infection state, they were divided into infection group (56 cases) and non-infection group (301 cases). The patients' data of gender, age, history of underlying disease, catheter position, catheter indwelling time, time staying in hospital, situation of antimicrobial drug used, application of tracheotomy or not, white blood cell count (WBC) levels, etc were collected for univariate analysis. The resulting indexes with statistical significance were applied for carrying out the multivariate logistic regression analysis, and then the independent risk factors involved in the development of subclavian venous catheter-related infections in the shock patients could be screened out.Results In 357 patients with THS, 56 were infected (15.7%). Univariate analysis showed: age ≥ 60 years (χ2 = 19.839,P < 0.001), with diabetes mellitus in past history (χ2 = 6.252,P = 0.012), catheter indwelling time ≥ 7 days (χ2 = 19.261,P < 0.001), time staying in hospital ≥ 7 days (χ2 = 4.315,P = 0.038), time for use of antimicrobial drug≥ 7 days (χ2 = 16.161,P < 0.001), tracheotomy (χ2 = 40.969,P < 0.001), WBC < 4×109/L (χ2 = 39.451,P < 0.001) and the disease severity grade 4 - 5 (χ2 = 8.345,P = 0.004) were the risk factors of subclavian venous catheter-related infections in patients with THS. Multivariate analysis showed: catheter indwelling time ≥ 7 day [odds ratio (OR) = 16.713, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 3.651 - 76.624), tracheotomy (OR = 6.861, 95%CI 2.377 - 18.246), WBC < 4×109/L (OR = 4.903, 95%CI 1.887 - 12.643) were the independent risk factors of subclavian venous catheter-related infections in THS patients.Conclusion The strict implementation of aseptic catheterization, shortening the time of catheter indwelling as much as possible and the rational use of antibiotics can effectively reduce and prevent the incidence of venous catheter-related infection in THS patients.
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This study was aimed to explore factors related to microalbuminuria of early stage of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Through epidemiologic survey, syndrome data of patients with early stage of DN were collected. The analysis was made on relationship between MAU (strain) of early stage of DN patients and the influencing factors (variable) with logistic regression analysis. The influencing factors were investigated in the early stage of DN patients in MAU. The epidemiological study showed a close relationship between factors such as active living style, easy irritability, drinking, old age, long disease course, phlegm and dampness body constitution, qi-stagnation body constitution, purple or dark tongue, thin and rapid pulse, yin deficiency and heat pattern, qi-yin deficiency pattern, cold and dampness pattern with the incidence of early stage of DN. It was concluded that there were 114 cases of early stage of DN with MAU of 20-52 μg·mL-1. The risk factors contained easy irritability, qi-stagnation body constitution, purple or dark tongue, yin deficiency and heat pattern, qi-yin deficiency pattern, as well as cold and dampness pattern. The protective factor contained active living style. There were 95 cases of early stage of DN with MAU of 53-199 μg·mL-1. The risk factors contained drinking, old age, long disease course, phlegm and dampness body constitution, as well as thin and rapid pulse.
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BACKGROUND: Pulsed electromagnetic field attracts much attention due to its less trauma, infection, side effect, and simple application to promote bone fracture healing.OBJECTIVE: To review the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on bone fracture healing by mechanism, animal experiments, and clinical application so as to provide theoretical evidences for promoting bone fracture healing. METHODS: This study was retrieved by the first author with the key words of "PEMF and fracture" in both English (1989-2009)and Chinese (1981-2009) from Pubmed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/Pubmed) and Vip database (www.cqvip.com). Articles which were related with the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields or electromagnetic field on bone fracture healing were included.The duplicated articles were excluded. The retrieval articles included reviews, animal experiments, and clinical experiments.Among 62 articles, 32 were in English and 30 in Chinese. Following the primary retrieval, 9 articles were excluded due to unrelated researching aim, 6 due to duplication, and 7 due to reviews. A total of 40 articles, 16 in Chinese and 24 in English, wereincluded in the final analysis, including animal and cytological experiments (n=31), and clinical studies (n=9).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pulsed electromagnetic field characterized by security, environmental protection, non-trauma,non-infection, sample processing, wide applicability, and less complications for treating bone fracture healing. Clinical experiments and clinical application have proved that pulsed electromagnetic field was an effective method to promote bone fracture healing, characterizing by low frequency and intensity. The mechanism of pulsed electromagnetic field for promoting bone fracture healing involved in physics and medicine. With the research of electromagnetism, organic complexity, and ethics, the parameters of pulsed electromagnetic field need to be further studied.